Hyperamylinemia as a risk factor for accelerated cognitive decline in diabetes.
Authors Ly H, Despa F
Submitted By Florin Despa on 11/9/2015
Status Published
Journal Expert review of proteomics
Year 2015
Date Published 10/1/2015
Volume : Pages Not Specified : 1 - 3
PubMed Reference 26503000
Abstract Type II diabetes increases the risk for cognitive decline via multiple traits.
Amylin is a pancreatic hormone that has amyloidogenic and cytotoxic properties
similar to the amyloid-ß peptide. The amylin hormone is overexpressed in
individuals with pre-diabetic insulin resistance or obesity leading to amylin
oligomerization and deposition in pancreatic islets. Amylin oligomerization was
implicated in the apoptosis of the insulin-producing ß-cells. Recent studies
showed that brain tissue from diabetic patients with cerebrovascular dementia or
Alzheimer's disease contains significant deposits of oligomerized amylin. It has
also been reported that the brain amylin deposition reduced exploratory drive,
recognition memory and vestibulomotor function in a rat model that overexpresses
human amylin in the pancreas. These novel findings are reviewed here and the
hypothesis that type II diabetes is linked with cognitive decline by amylin
accumulation in the brain is proposed. Deciphering the impact of hyperamylinemia
on the brain is critical for both etiology and treatment of dementia.

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